Industrial Chemistry and Water Treatment

Desalination

Water desalination processes separate dissolved salts and other minerals from water. Membrane separation requires driving forces including pressure (applied and vapour), electric phenomenon, and concentration to control natural osmotic pressures and effectively force water through membrane processes. The cost is extremely high and so it can’t be afforded by everyone who needs it, but because the desalinisation technology is improving fast, so the prices are getting down to fall, making it more cost effective to countries and islands that required it. Desalination techniques are being developed on a far smaller scale. Portable desalination kits are a prime example. Desalination is becoming more economically viable as the technology improves. Desalination plants may be provided in a very wide range of outputs to cater for little amount of isolated communities or to contribute substantially to water supplies for big cities and even for irrigation.