Day 2 :
Keynote Forum
Fumio Sanda
Kansai University
Japan
Keynote: Precise synthesis of substituted polyacetylenes
Biography:
Fumio Sanda is a professor in Kansai University. His research studies includes Polymer Synthesis, Transition Metal Catalyzed Polymerization, Conjugated Polymers, Optically Active Polymers. He has received Nakamura award in the year 1997 and Award of Japan Thermosetting Plastics in 2014 and many more
Abstract:
Substituted polyacetylenes have received considerable attention, owing to their properties resulting from the π-conjugated backbone such as photoconductivity and electroluminescence. The introduction of functional groups at the side chains provides polyacetylenes with useful structural features including liquid crystallinity, molecular recognition, stimuli responsiveness and gas permeability. Substituted polyacetylenes are synthesized by the polymerization of the corresponding acetylene monomers using transition-metal catalysts. Rh catalysts bearing a triphenylvinyl group polymerize substituted acetylene monomers in a living fashion to give polymers with controlled molecular weights, geometry and end structures. Pd catalysts bearing bulky phosphine ligands polymerize disubstituted acetylene monomers via the coordination-insertion mechanism. Substituted polyacetylenes bearing chiral substituents adopt helical conformations, whose predominant screw sense transforms between right and left -handed in CHCl3/MeOH with respect to the solvent composition. The polymers prefer conformations with large dipole moments in polar media, confirmed by the semi empirical molecular orbital calculations, COSMO method.
Keynote Forum
Hyoyoung Lee
Sungkyunkwan University
South Korea
Keynote: Crystalline/amorphous low energy bandgap TiO2 materials prepared in solution and their industrial applications
Biography:
Hyoyoung Lee has received his PhD degree at Department of Chemistry, University of Mississippi (USA) in 1997. He did his Post-doctorate at North Carolina State University, USA, for 2 years. He has worked at Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute from 2000 to 2009 as a Team Leader. He moved to Sungkyunkwan University and has served as a Full Professor at Departmet of Chemistry, lecturing Organic Chemistry. He has served as a Director of National Creative Research Initiatives (NCRI), Center of Smart Molecular Memory from 2006 to 2015. Currently, he has serving as an Associate Director of Centre for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute of Basic Science (IBS) from November 2015. His current research area is on organic semiconducting materials including low bandgap TiO2 and devices including molecular/organic memory, OLED, OTFT, sensors, Energy harvesting and storage, graphene oxide, reduced grapheme oxide and 2D transition metal chalcogenide (TMC). He has written more than 120 journal articles with top-tier journals.
Abstract:
Recently, surface-disordered TiO2, referred to as black TiO2, which can absorb both visible and near-infrared solar light that has triggered an explosion of interest in many important applications. Here, we demonstrate a selective reduction of commercialized degussa P-25 TiO2 nanoparticles using simple room-temperature solution processing, which maintains the unique three-phase interfaces composed of ordered white-anatase and disordered black-rutile with open structures for easy electrolyte access. The strong reducing agent in superbase, which consists of lithium ion ethylenediamine (Li-EDA), can disorder only the white-rutile phase of P-25. Single P-25 TiO2 nanoparticles with this engineered surface made immediate contact with the electrolyte. This contact is called white-black-electrolyte three-phase interfaces and can not only efficiently internally separate electrons/holes through type-II bandgap alignment but also induce a strong hydrogen (H2) evolution surface reaction. The white-black-electrolyte three-phase interfaces exhibited outstanding H2 production rates of 13.89 mmol/h/g using 0.5 wt.% Pt (co-catalyst) and 3.46 mmol/h/g without using any co-catalyst. These values are the highest recorded in the world to date. In addition, our newly developed crystalline/amorphous reduced TiO2 (rTiO2) that has low energy bandgap can effectively generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) under solar light and successfully remove a bloom of algae. Only reduced TiO2 materials can generate ROS under solar light, which was confirmed by electron spin resonance. Among the three different types of Li-EDA treated TiO2 (anatase, rutile and both phased TiO2), the both phased rTiO2 showed the best performance to produce ROS. The generated ROS effectively removed the common green algae Chlamydomonas. This is the first report on algae degradation under solar light, proving the feasibility of commercially available products for disinfection. Finally, we like to introduce transition metal chalcogenide materials for the hydrogen evolution reaction and energy storage with grapheme flakes.
Keynote Forum
Toshiki Aoki
Niigata University
Japan
Keynote: Unusual phenomena in helix-sense-selective polymerization and its product
Time : 00-00
Biography:
Toshiki Aoki has received his Doctorate degree (1987) on synthesis and oxygen permeability of graft copolymers from oligosiloxane macromonomers in Department of Applied Chemistry at Nagoya University, Japan. He has joined Fluorine Chemistry Division at Government Industrial Research Institute, Nagoya in 1987-1989. He has then moved to Department of Applied Chemistry at Niigata University in 1989. He has worked at Niigata University as an Assistant Professor (1989), Associate Professor (1995) and Full Professor (2000). He has worked as a Visiting Scientist at University of Southern California from 1998-1999. His research interest covers synthesis of functional polymers, including synthesis of new chiral polymers for permselective membranes. His recent interest is in synthesis and application of two-dimensional polymers using HSSP and SCAT reactions.
Abstract:
In 1993, we accidentally discovered the fi rst example of an asymmetric-induced polymerization (AIP) of chiral substituted acetylene, during our study on optical resolution membranes. Since poly substituted acetylenes have no asymmetric carbons, the optical activity is caused by the one-handed helical conformation. Th erefore, the optical activity is oft en not static but dynamic. In 2003, we reported the fi rst helix-sense-selective polymerization (HSSP) of an achiral substituted acetylene by using a chiral catalytic system consisting of chiral phenyl ethylamine (PEA) and a rhodium dimer complex ([Rh (nbd) Cl]2, nbd=2,5-norbornadiene). Th e achiral monomer had two hydroxymethyl groups and a relatively hydrophobic substituent and the one-handed helicity of the resulting polymer was statically maintained by intramolecular hydrogen bonds in nonpolar solvents. Aft er the discovery, we found some new monomers suitable for the HSSP reaction and have tried to control the polymerization. During these studies, some unusual phenomena were also found to occur in the HSSP process. We found that the HSSP of achiral phenylacetylenes having two hydroxy groups was catalyzed by the chiral polymers prepared by the HSSP of the same or similar achiral phenylacetylenes instead of using the chiral cocatalyst like PEA (Self-HSSP). In addition, it shows the possibility of in-situ self-catalyzed HSSP where the HSSP products formed during the HSSP functioned in-situ as a chiral cocatalyst for the HSSP of the same monomer (In-situ self-HSSP). In addition to the discovery of self-HSSP, other several unusual phenomena were observed in the HSSP of RDHPA. For example, the sense of the helicity of the polymers prepared by HSSP was controlled by changing non-chiral conditions such as the molar ratio of the chiral cocatalyst to the rhodium complex (Reversal HSSP). Th at may be caused by formation of diff erent chiral rhodium species depending on the ratio. In addition, HSSP was also realized without any chiral source (Spontaneous HSSP). It may result from the formation of a chiral supramolecular compound of the monomer. Since the polymer resulting from HSSP adopts very tight cis-cisoidal conformation and therefore a rigid rod structure, which is not seen in any other poly (substituted acetylenes), it shows many unusual and interesting properties, including unique types of reactivity. For example, in 2013, we reported highly selective photo aromatization (SCAT) of the very tight cis-cisoidal polymer prepared by HSSP.
Keynote Forum
Dhanesh Chandra
University of Nevada
USA
Keynote: Hydrogen technology for automobiles in the 21st century towards more secure and cleaner environment
Biography:
Dhanesh Chandra is a Foundation Professor of Materials Science and Engineering in the College of Engineering at the University of Nevada Reno, USA. He has over 100 scientifi c publications and is a Member of Hydrogen IEA-Task 32. He wrote a book chapter: Intermetallics for Hydrogen Storage edited by G Walker, Woodhead Publishing (2008).
Abstract:
Hydrogen is expected to play an important role in future energy scenarios, as it could resolve growing concerns aboutworld’s energy supply, security, air pollution, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Hydrogen production from renewable resources can potentially reduce the CO2 emissions. Hydrogen is a non-toxic, clean energy carrier that has high specifi c energy on a mass basis (e.g., the energy content of 9.5 kg of hydrogen is equivalent to that of 25 kg of gasoline). Worldwide H2 production is ~ 500 billion.m3 annually with ~6.5 EJ (1EJ=109 GJ) of energy. The exhaust from the H2 vehicles is water. Early developments (from 1960) were focused on H2-IC engine vehicles. In 2001, BMW introduced H2-IC engine vehicles. Significant advancements in fuel cell technologies and initiatives off ered by the US DOE, world-wide governmental agencies, and industries led to the development of prototypes H2-fuel cell electric automobiles. In the last 10-15 years many auto manufacturers, including Toyota, Honda, Hyundai, Ford, General Motors, Daimler Chrysler and others have developed fuel cell vehicles, some are already becoming commercial. Many countries are installing hydrogen fueling stations but they are relatively few clustered around big, highly populated cities. Low pressure, solid state metal hydrides, such as LaNi4.8Sn0.2, have already been developed for space applications, but they are very heavy and have low gravimetric hydrogen density of ~2 wt% for vehicular applications. Light weight and low pressure (LP) complex hydrides, such as Mg(BH4)2, Li2NH-LiNH2 and other light weight systems with ~10 to 18 wt.% H capacity are still in developmental stages. Non withstanding the LP solid state systems, Toyota and other manufacturers started using high pressure (~700 bar) H2, carbon fiber composite, cylinders which appear to be functional in the latest vehicles under normal operations. The H2 based vehicular technological developments, and challenges associated with this technology will be presented.
- Industrial Chemistry | Organic Chemistry: Mech and Biomol | Inorganic Chemistry: The Elements | Medicinal Chemistry: Fusion of Traditional Medicine | Chemistry of Transition Elements | Drug Chemistry | Food Chemistry | Electrochemistry
Chair
Masayoshi Tabata
Muroran Institute of Technology Japan
Co-Chair
Jun-ichi Kadokawa & Majid Mohammadian
Japan & University of Ottawa Canada