International Conference on Industrial Chemistry June 27-28, 2016 New Orleans, Louisiana, USA

Biography:

August A. Gallo earned his PhD in organic chemistry from Vanderbilt University (Nashville, TN) and was a postdoctoral scholar at the University of California, San Franciso Medical Center in the Department of Pharmacuetical Chemistry. Presently, he is a professor of chemistry at The University of Louisiana, Lafayette where he has been since being promoted through the academic ranks since 1981. He has published more than 30 papers in reputed international journals, he has been awarded nearly $400,000 in grants, and he has been serving as a reviewer for Universal Journal of Chemistry and Chemosphere

Abstract:

Our previous work demonstrated that supercritical methanol offers key advantages over the traditional, base catalyzed method to convert waste fats into biodiesel. This work established that supercritical transesterification occurs within minutes in the absence of catalysts. The use of supercritical methanol in the transesterification reaction offers several advantages including fast reaction times, catalyst free reactions, and minimal pre-processing of the fat. Recently, a laboratory scale supercritical flow reactor was assembled from off-the-shelf components and its suitability tested for the transesterification of alligator fat to biodiesel. Initial data indicate an exponential increase in product yields between 240°C and 420°C at reaction times of 5 and 30 minutes, respectively, with an approx. ten-fold higher yield for the latter reaction time. The product mixtures are clean and consist of the fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) of mostly C16- C18 carboxylic acids. This suggests that very high temperatures (≥ 420 °C) are needed and suited for the rapid conversion of alligator fat to biodiesel using supercritical methanol.

Biography:

Gbekeloluwa B Oguntimein joined the MSU faculty in February 1997. He has more than 35 years' experience in teaching, research, and administration in environmental engineering, biochemical engineering, chemical engineering, and food process engineering. He has served as Associate Professor, Acting Head of the Industrial Coordinating Unit, and Sub‐Dean of the Faculty of Technology at the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. He is now teaching, at the undergraduate and graduate levels, courses in environmental engineering, environmental impact and risk assessment, water supply engineering, biological wastewater treatment, civil engineering project management, and sustainable energy

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Dyes containing effluents from textile and food industries cause serious environmental problems that can be mutagenic or carcinogenic and require pretreatment for color removal prior to disposal into aqueous systems. Treatment technologies like coagulation and flocculation reverse osmosis, photo degradation membrane separation; biodegradation, ion exchange, and adsorption are most often used for the treatment of dye containing wastewater. Among these methods, adsorption is simple and requires low maintenance and is the most widely used single method for the removal of dyes from aqueous solutions and effluent. This paper address the application of alkali treated dried sunflower seed hull (DSSH), a low cost material for the removal of textile dye from industrial wastewater effluent. Batch adsorption studies were performed as a function of contact time, initial solution pH, initial dye concentration and temperature. The optimum initial solution pH was found to be pH 2.2. Kinetic analysis revealed that adsorption experimental data was best fitted by pseudo-second order model at all textile dye concentration tested. Based on the rate constants obtained by this kinetic model using Arrhenius and Eyring equations, the activation parameters were determined, namely the activation energy (8.79  kJ/ mol), the change of entropy (-1.73 x 10⁸ k J/ mol/ K), enthalpy (-6.20 kJ/ mol), and Gibbs free energy (range 5.06 x 10¹⁰–5.77 x 10¹⁰ kJ/ mol) for the formation of activated complex between Textile dye molecules and dried sunflower seed hull. The equilibrium adsorption data was found to follow the Langmuir isotherm model and maximum monolayer capacity was found to be 169.5 mg g^_1 at 25^oC. The Langmuir isotherm model was applied to the design of a single –stage absorber. Thermodynamics of dye adsorption revealed the process was spontaneous and exothermic in nature. The magnitude of enthalpy change (ΔH) was found to be 8.79 kJ/mol, indicating that physical forces were involved in adsorption of dye onto DSSH. This study revealed that DSSH a waste material may be a suitable adsorbent for decolorization of industrial effluents due to its low cost and high adsorption capacity

Biography:

Jian-Wen Shi received his PhD degree from the China University of Petroleum in 2007. He worked in the Institute of Urban Environment (IUE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) as an assistant reseacher and associate researcher, successively (2007.7–2013.12). During this period, he worked at Prof. Lianzhou Wang’s laboratory for one years in the University of Queensland, Australia (20010.5–2011.5). Currently, he is a associate professor in Xi’an Jiaotong University. He mainly focuses on the development of nanomaterials for catalytic applications, such as photocatalysis, selective catalytic reduction of NOx, etc.

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Modulation of polyhedral morphology toward highly active facets has attracted great interest in the recent years, and it has been considered as an effective approach to improve the catalytic activity of materials. It is widely believed that {001} facets of anatase TiO2 crystals can provide more active sites for photocatalytic oxidation reaction, which significantly promotes its photocatalytic activity. For utilizing solar light, visible light responsive TiO2 crystals with high reactive {0 0 1} facets are highly desired. In our recent work, we prepared N-doped anatase TiO2 plates (NTP) with dominated {001} facets, and showed that samples are visible-light photocatalytic active for methylene blue (MB) decomposition. However, its activity was low due to the high recombination rate of the photogenerated electron-hole pairs. To improve the performance, in this work, NTP modified by CdS quantum dots was successfully prepared by using thiolactic acid as a linker for the first time, and the obtained samples were characterized by SEM, TEM, EDX, FTIR, XRD and DRS, and their photocatalytic activities for the degradation of methylene blue, phenol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol were evaluated under visible light irradiation. The results show that this NTP/CdS system has much better photocatalytic activity for the degradation of organic pollutants. The photocatalytic activity improvement can be attributed to the enhancement of visible light absorption and the reduction of electron-hole pair recombination rate, which is resulted from N-doping, preferred crystallographic orientation and the strong interaction between NTP and highly dispersed CdS QDs.

Biography:

Dr. Roger M. Leblanc received a B.Sc. degree in Chemistry from Université Laval in 1964, followed by a Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry in 1968. Then, he obtained a postdoc position at the Royal Institution of Great Britain for two years before moving to the University of Québec, Trois-Rivières, Canada, where he spent 20+ years of studying photobiophysics. He moved his research to the University of Miami in 1994. Dr. Leblanc is Professor and Chair of Chemistry Department at University of Miami. And his research interests are centered on biophotophysics, spectroscopy and surface chemistry and he has published 502 research articles related to these topics and has guided more than 100 Ph.D. and M.Sc.

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Carbon dots (C-Dots) with diameter smaller than 10 nm have recently triggered great attention in the research of materials science and engineering due to their unique properties. Their potential applications have been explored in dielectric materials, optical sensing, and biomedical engineering. In this study, water soluble C-Dots were prepared from oxidizing carbon powders by a mixture of sulfuric acid and nitric acid. These C-Dots were characterized by spectroscopy (UV-Vis, fluorescence, FTIR, and XPS) and microscopy (AFM and TEM). C-Dots have been studied for dielectric properties and biomedical applications. Studies have showed that C-Dots based hybrids can be used as excellent electrode materials for capacitors. With C-Dots doping to a ferroelectric liquid crystal structure, remarkable enhancements were found in terms of switching response, spontaneous polarization and dielectric constant. Regarding the biomedical applications of C-Dots, our study showed that C-Dots could inhibit protein fibrillation, such as insulin and amyloid beta 40/42. Therefore, they could be potentially used as a drug to treat diseases associated with protein fibrillation. After conjugation with a plasma protein transferrin, these C-Dots could enter the central nervous system.

Biography:

Associate Professor Federal University of Parana August 1995 - Present (20 years 10 months ) Leader of Applied Electrochemistry Group. Electrochemistry Laboratory Coordinator of Surface and Corrosion - LESC and Environmental Technology Laboratory - LTA

Abstract:

The concern for the removal of contaminants, such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S), during crude oil processing has been intensified. Sulfur compounds, such as dissociated H2S, are detected in the effluents of process gas condensation and streams of acid water. The objective of this study is to apply electrochemical oxidation to neutralize H S in industrial effluents. Tests were performed in a porous bed electrochemical reactor, which was composed of reticulated vitreous carbon. The oxidation process is direct and potentiostatically controlled, and the dissociated sulfide was oxidized to sulfate and/or thiosulfate, main product of the reaction. Figures of merit were constructed to evaluate the performance of electrochemical reactor under different hydrodynamic conditions, by varying the flow rate, and overpotential, by varying the distance between the electrodes in the reactor. The figures of merit indicated that the best condition for the formation of thiosulfate occurred at the lowest flow rate used, 1.05 L/h and at a greater distance between the electrodes, 60 mm.

Biography:

Prof. Xiaoyang Guo is an academic leader of State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, vice-director of Cementing group of Chinese Petroleum Society (CPS), senior expert of Drilling Engineering Standardization Technical Committees of China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), member of Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE). Prof. Guo’s researches focus on the operation safety and integrity of deep and ultra-deep well. Studies on the basic theory and applied technology of cementing engineering and cement slurry systems. He has obtained 12 patents and published 70 articles and 3 industry standard of CNPC.

Abstract:

H2S is an acidic and toxic gas and the corrosion of H2S on oilwell cement is considered to be a great challenge for wellbore integrity and environmental safety in the exploitation of high-sulfur gas reservoir. In our work, an unidirectional sample was designed to simulate the actual downhole condition, and the corrosion performances of oilwell cement exposed to humid H2S gas and H2S rich brine were investigated using designed unidirectional samples. Compressive strength, microhardness, porosity, gas permeability, SEM, EDS, and XRD analyses were conducted to compare the dissimilarity of H2S attack in two exposure scenarios. The experimental results show that the corrosion degree of cement exposed to humid H2S gas was lower due to a dense gypsum layer formed on the cement surface; this layer inhibited inward penetration of H2S by blocking diffusion. On the contrary, a porous and loose amorphous silica gel section formed on the headspace of brine-exposed cement for dissolution and migration effects of brine, which facilitated the penetration of H2S to the interior of cement. The degradation mechanism of cement and the effects of exposure scenario on cement properties are proposed.

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Katarzyna Piwowar has completed her Master Degree from Silesian University of Technology (SiUT), Faculty of Chemistry with the degree in Analytical Chemistry. She has been doing her PhD at Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, SiUT. Her research concerns the investigation of effectiveness of singlet oxygen generation activated by light

Abstract:

Photoexcitation of atmospheric oxygen by several photosensitizers leads to generation of singlet oxygen molecule having exceptionally high oxidation potential. Due to its millisecond lifetime a continuous, in situ generation is required in the environment in which it is reacting. This strategy is a case of green technology which employs sunlight energy to improve the efficiency of many processes, especially in organic synthesis or wastewater treatment. Novel heterogeneous systems generating singlet oxygen seem to be a perspective option for an application of singlet oxygen oxidation capacity. These systems involve two phases with the active interface. The first phase consists a photosensitizer, which is responsible for singlet oxygen generation, and the second holds the species being oxidized. The photoactive phase should combine an effective solar radiation absorption and the direct energy conversion together with a high photostability, whereas the second accumulates the oxidized product. We report on oxidation of organic model compounds like phenol, citronellol or α-terpinen in two types of heterogeneous systems. First, with a solid material as an active phase, and second with a liquid solution. Photo-active material was prepared by simple electrochemical method using electropolymerization of well-known photosensitizers - phenothiazines. The liquid-liquid phase contain the liquid active phase in which the photosensitizers are dissolved in common organic solvents or in ionic liquids. Under visible light illumination these heterogeneous systems were able to generate singlet oxygen directly to the interface with the second phase where it was employed in the oxidation process. The effectiveness of the process was monitored by UVVis spectroscopy and the activation was achieved by diode laser with the excitation wavelength at 638 nm.

Biography:

Chen Gao received his bachelor’s degree of electrical engineering and he is pursuing his PhD degree at Xi’an Jiaotong University under the guidance of Prof. Chunming Niu and associate Prof. Jian-Wen Shi. His research interests are in air pollution control techniques and environmental catalysis for removing NOx at low temperature.

Abstract:

Nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission from the combustion of fossil fuels and biomasses is a major global environmental issue. It contributes to acid rain, formation of ground level ozone and yellow smog, which could lead to serious damages to human health and our ecosystem. The selective catalytic reduction (SCR) has been proved to be one of the most effective methods for post combustion denitration (de-NOx). It converts NOx in flue gases to harmless N2 and H2O. Among many low-temperature catalysts reported in the literature, manganese oxide (MnOx) has been proved highly active at low temperature between 75 oC and 225 oC. However, single MnOx catalysts are unstable, easy to be poisoned and deactivated by SO2 and their operation temperature window is narrow. To overcome the drawbacks of pure MnOx, we modified the TiO2 supported MnOx (MnOx-TiO2) by using small amount of holmium oxide (Ho2O3). The obtained catalyst exhibited a wide operating temperature window with a 100% NOx conversion activity from 150 to 390 oC and a 100% N2 selectivity from 150 to 360 oC under a high space velocity of 36,000 h-1. The high efficiency is attributed to structural and electronic changes induced by Ho2O3 modification. Additionally, Ho2O3 modification promotes the stability of MnOx-TiO2 catalyst against SO2 poison, especially SO2 poison under concurrent H2O vapor influence.

Biography:

Tholiso Ngulube is a young lady aged 27 who has just completed her MSc degree in Environmental Sciences and she is currently registered for PhD at the University of Venda. She is a member of the Environmental Remediation Water Chemistry and Pollution Group. She has also published 3 articles in international peer reviewed journals and has also attended 4 International conferences in the Environmental Sciences field. She has been serving as a core lecturer at Applied Centre for Climate and Earth Science Systems (ACCESS) and is also a tutor and mentor at the University of Venda.

Abstract:

Excess fluoride is highly toxic to humans and has serious detrimental health problems. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasible application of silica rich reddish black Mukondeni clay soils as a convenient and cheap technology for the removal of excess fluoride from ground water. Characterisation was done by XRF, XRD, SEM, BET and FTIR. CEC and PZC were determined using standard methods. Parameters optimized included: contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration, competing ions, pH and temperature. Optimisation experiments were done in batch procedures. The results showed that the optimum conditions for the defluoridation of water using silica rich reddish black Mukondeni clay soils are 60 min, 1.5 g, 9 mg/L, 1.5/100 S/L ratios a pH of 2 and a temperature of 25oC. The equilibrium isotherm regression parameter (R2) showed that the Freundlich isotherm (0.95) gave a better fit than the Langmuir isotherm (0.52), and the Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm (0.78) which indicates multilayer adsorption. The value of the Activation energy of (58.8554 kJ/mol) obtained from the Arrhenius Equation indicates chemisorption. Kinetic studies revealed that the adsorption followed pseudo second order kinetics. This study indicated that silica rich reddish black Mukondeni clay soils are good in the defluoridation of groundwater

Biography:

Yayue Wang, a PhD candidate in Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, under the supervisor of Dr. Song Xue. Her project is about characterization of haloacid dehalogenases, focusing on its structure-function relationship.

Abstract:

Enzymes are widely used as biocatalysts in various important industrial processes because of their unique features such as substrate specificity, rate acceleration, regio-, chemo-, and stereoselectivity. Understanding the environmental effects on the structure-function relationship of enzyme is significant for evaluating the enzymatic activity during application. Up to now, L-2-Haloacid dehalogenases have been highly studied for the biochemical and structural characterization, however, no information was available regarding environmental effects on the structure-function relationship. Here, circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD) was used to investigate the correlation between changes on the conformation and the function of L-2-haloacid dehalogenase (HadL AJ1) from the Pseudomonas putida induced by the environmental factors. Decreased α-helix and increased β-sheet contents were observed in the structure of HadL AJ1 along with activity losses caused by pH, temperature and inhibitors. Regardless of which factor above-mentioned existed, more than 65.0% of HadL AJ1 activity could be remained if its α-helix content was over 12.0%. The maintenance of α-helical structure in HadL AJ1 was indispensable to its catalysis, while β-sheet increase restricts its activity. This study revealed the variation of enzymatic activity due to environmental conditions resulting in structural changes monitored by CD, which contributed to rational modification and was instructive for predicting changes of the enzymatic activity during application.

Biography:

Zhong-Ting (Justin) is a PhD student from Nanyang Technological University (Singapore). He holds BSc in Applied Chemistry and MSc in Environmental Engineering. He was a R&D researcher of NanoMaterials Technology Pte Ltd in Singapore (2007-2012). He has experiences in nanoparticle synthesis, surface modification, wet coating and nanomaterial production in pilot plant. He was a team leader of a research project for undergraduate students (chemical plating & H2 energy) and their paper won the 1st Prize of the 1st ZJNU Natural Science’s Academic Paper Competition. His current research interests are material and environment including advanced nanomaterials fabrication/optimization (morphology, self-assembly, nanocomposite, doping, synthesis), environmental photochemistry, heterogeneous catalysis, water treatment, solar energy, magnetic separation.

Abstract:

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) and physical adsorption are efficient and green approaches in environmental decontamination. As everyone knows, TiO2 can drive strong photocatalysis in slurry type and Fe2+ ion can induce Fenton oxidation at pH~3 while there are many investigations on adsorbents (e.g., urchin-like -FeOOH can adsorb 80 mg g-1 of Pb(II), which is much higher than others). However, those used nanomaterials are difficult to separate from the treated water and the post-treatment will be high cost. Herein, we propose a Bi/Fe-based nanomaterial with hierarchical morphology, which can effectively drive AOPs in heterogeneous type at pH~7, has outstanding physical adsorption and supermagnetic property. It can be used to remove organic pollutants and heavy metals, and can be recovered quickly via an environmental-friendly magnetic separation technology. The magnetic property for pristine bismuth ferrites is too weak to be used in practical application effectively. Here Bi/Fe-based materials with coral-like hierarchical morphology were fabricated using solvothermal treatment in methanol system. Its saturation magnetization (Ms) marvelously increase from 0.375 to 30.7 emu g-1, while the adsorption of methyl orange (a dye pollutant) ranges from 0.5 to 46.6%. Besides, it also can effectively induce visible light photo-Fenton oxidation which can be used to degrade different types of organic pollutants (e.g., dyes, pharmaceuticals, pesticides). Even at a low catalyst loading of 0.12 g L-1, the removal rate of organic pollutants can be ~99% in 100 min by degradation and/or adsorption. Its adsorption ability also can be used to remove different kinds of heavy metal ions (e.g., Pb(II), Cd(II), As(V), Cr(VI), Cu(II), Mn(II), Ba(II) and Co(II)), especially for Pb(II), for which its maximal adsorption capacity can reach a new height of 214.5 mg g-1. The outstanding performances are possibly ascribed to its coral-like hierarchical morphology which was investigated by several characterization techniques. It was proved that it is self-assembled by 1D nanowires (~6 nm in diameter) and 2D ultrathin nanoflakes (~4.5 nm in thickness). This product has remarkable optical properties with absorption of UV, visible light and even IR as well.

Biography:

Thanaporn Wannachod has completed her PhD from Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University. She has published more than 6 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

The simultaneous extraction and stripping of mercury (II) from petroleum produced water via hollow fiber supported liquid membrane (HFSLM) was examined. Optimum conditions for extraction and stripping were pH 1 in feed solution, 5% (v/v) Aliquat 336 in the liquid membrane and 0.05 M thiourea in the stripping solution. In this experiment, optimum percentages of mercury (II) extraction and stripping were obtained at flow rates for both feed and stripping solutions of 100 mL/min using a single–module operation for a period of 40 min. Percentages obtained for extraction and stripping of mercury (II) were 96.8% and 92.5% which were below the legislation limit of 5 ppb. The overall mass transfer resistance (R) was 7.286 x 102 s/cm. Results showed that the mass transfer model fitted in well with the experimental data.